Question 1

Shamans are full-time religious practitioners generally found in state-level societies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Fundamentalists are not among those who feel alienated from the perceived secularism of modern culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Animism, belief in souls or doubles, is thought by some to be the earliest form of religion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The Hindu principle of ahimsa functions to ensure that cattle milk production is maximized.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A syncretism is a mixture of cultural influences from a series of different cultural traditions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What is communitas?

Accepted Answer

A)  a social inequality that is accepted even by those who are less privileged
B)  a collective liminality
C)  anxiety
D)  the Latin word for mana
E)  the supernaturalF) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 7

What is one of the most important activities in Pentecostal culture that has greatly aided its expansion?

Accepted Answer

A)  active evangelization
B)  the use of media and televangelism
C)  a strict hierarchy
D)  heavy funding from North America
E)  a Western political agendaF) A) and D)
G) D) and E) A

Question 8

Religion and magic don't just explain things and help people accomplish goals-they also enter the realm of human feelings.In other words,

Accepted Answer

A)  they serve emotional needs as well as cognitive (i.e., explanatory)  ones.
B)  religion helps reduce differences by promoting brotherly love.
C)  they determine the emotional well-being of all their practitioners.
D)  they often lead to extreme psychological disruption and even mental illness.
E)  they are psychologically and cognitively relevant, but these realms are well contained and have no effect beyond the mental well-being of the practitioner.F) A) and C)
G) C) and E) A

Question 9

What is the term for the marginal or in-between phase of a rite of passage?

Accepted Answer

A)  voodoo
B)  mana
C)  taboo
D)  liminality
E)  animismF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

Cargo cults, syncretic religions that mix Melanesian and Christian beliefs, are

Accepted Answer

A)  culturally defined activities associated with the transition from one place or stage of life to another.
B)  a religious response to the expansion of the world capitalist economy, often with political and economic consequences.
C)  cultural acts that mock the widespread but erroneous belief of European cultural supremacy.
D)  just like religious fundamentalism in that they are ancient cultural phenomena enjoying a rebirth in current world affairs.
E)  antimodernist movements that reject anything Western.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

Émile Durkheim, an early scholar of religion, stressed what he termed religious effervescence.Anthropologists too have stressed

Accepted Answer

A)  that proper analysis requires separation of collective re-creation from collective religion.
B)  the collective, shared, and enacted nature of religion, the emotions it generates, and the meanings it embodies.
C)  the analysis of the use of behavior-altering drugs in religious experience.
D)  the collective as well as individual universality of religion.
E)  the qualities that make religion present in some societies but not in others.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 12

Max Weber argued that the spread of capitalism was closely linked to the ethics and values of Catholicism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Antimodernism describes the rejection of the modern in favor of what is perceived to be an earlier, purer, better way of life.Fundamentalism describes antimodernist movements in various religions.Ironically,

Accepted Answer

A)  fundamentalist movements have both benefited from and promoted the use of technology for international networking.
B)  fundamentalists never lead a better way of life, precisely because they reject the benefits of modern life.
C)  religious fundamentalism is itself a modern phenomenon, based on a strong feeling among its adherents of alienation from the perceived secularism of the surrounding modern culture.
D)  fundamentalist sentiments depend on recognition of the modern culture.
E)  religious fundamentalism is an extremely old phenomenon that actually spurred the rise of modernism.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

After Christians and Muslims, the largest spiritual group are those who lack any religious affiliation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following groups see a sharp divide between themselves and other religions, as well as between a "sacred" view of life and the "secular" world?

Accepted Answer

A)  mainline Protestants
B)  Haredi Jews
C)  Pentecostals
D)  Hindus
E)  CommunitasF) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 16

According to Edward Tylor, religion evolved from polytheism to animism to monotheism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Is religion declining or becoming increasingly important in contemporary society? Why? If you believe that religion is declining, what is replacing it?

Accepted Answer

The answer to whether religion is declin...

Question 18

Which of the following kinds of religion involves full-time religious specialists?

Accepted Answer

A)  communal religion
B)  shamanistic religion
C)  Olympian religion
D)  individualistic cults
E)  idiosyncratic belief systemsF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

A "world-rejecting religion" is one that

Accepted Answer

A)  concerns itself with a higher realm of spirituality.
B)  rejects worldly goods and popular culture.
C)  is polytheistic or monotheistic, and is led by a shaman.
D)  has been rejected by the world.
E)  focuses on a higher realm of reality.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Robert Bellah (1978)  coined the term world-rejecting religion to describe most forms of Christianity, including Protestantism.More generally, world-rejecting religions

Accepted Answer

A)  are shamanistic religions that reject the encroachment of capitalism and modernity.
B)  reject the material world and focus on the body's internal biological balance.
C)  are a recent historical phenomenon.
D)  tend to reject the natural-the mundane, ordinary, material, secular-world and focus instead on a higher realm of reality.
E)  focus on the effects that heavenly bodies such as the moon, sun, and Mars have on social life.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C) D

Exam 12: Religion

Shamans are full-time religious practitioners generally found in state-level societies.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fundamentalists are not among those who feel alienated from the perceived secularism of modern culture.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Animism, belief in souls or doubles, is thought by some to be the earliest form of religion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Hindu principle of ahimsa functions to ensure that cattle milk production is maximized.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A syncretism is a mixture of cultural influences from a series of different cultural traditions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is communitas?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is one of the most important activities in Pentecostal culture that has greatly aided its expansion?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Religion and magic don't just explain things and help people accomplish goals-they also enter the realm of human feelings.In other words,

Correct AnswerverifiedA

What is the term for the marginal or in-between phase of a rite of passage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cargo cults, syncretic religions that mix Melanesian and Christian beliefs, are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Émile Durkheim, an early scholar of religion, stressed what he termed religious effervescence.Anthropologists too have stressed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Max Weber argued that the spread of capitalism was closely linked to the ethics and values of Catholicism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antimodernism describes the rejection of the modern in favor of what is perceived to be an earlier, purer, better way of life.Fundamentalism describes antimodernist movements in various religions.Ironically,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After Christians and Muslims, the largest spiritual group are those who lack any religious affiliation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following groups see a sharp divide between themselves and other religions, as well as between a "sacred" view of life and the "secular" world?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Edward Tylor, religion evolved from polytheism to animism to monotheism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Is religion declining or becoming increasingly important in contemporary society? Why? If you believe that religion is declining, what is replacing it?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe answer to whether religion is declin...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following kinds of religion involves full-time religious specialists?

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A "world-rejecting religion" is one that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Robert Bellah (1978) coined the term world-rejecting religion to describe most forms of Christianity, including Protestantism.More generally, world-rejecting religions

Correct AnswerverifiedD

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The answer to whether religion is declin...
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