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From independence until 1999, Nigeria was under __________ more than half the time.


A) one-party rule
B) military rule
C) communist control
D) democratic government

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In 1885, the __________ carved up Africa among European colonial powers.


A) Pan African Commissions
B) Royal Niger Company
C) Berlin Conference
D) Divide et Impera

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Nigeria is prone to praetorianism.

A) True
B) False

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What are the three largest ethnic groups in Nigeria?


A) Ijaw, Ogoni, and Yoruba
B) Hausa-Fulani, Yoruba, and Igbo
C) Ogoni, Igbo, and Ijaw
D) Tutsi, Hutu, and Twa

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which African colonial power caused the most damage?


A) Britain
B) France
C) Belgium
D) the Netherlands

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following accurately describes the governments of the northern Nigerian states?


A) They are communist.
B) They follow Muslim religious law.
C) They employ direct democracy.
D) They are controlled by the French government.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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How has Nigeria used federalism to decrease ethnic tensions? Has this system been successful? Why or why not?

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Nigeria has used federalism as a way to decentralize power and provide a degree of autonomy to its various ethnic groups. The country is made up of over 250 different ethnic groups, each with its own language, culture, and traditions. By implementing a federal system of government, Nigeria has been able to allocate power and resources to the different regions, allowing them to govern themselves to some extent. This has helped to decrease ethnic tensions to some extent by giving each group a stake in the political process and a sense of representation. It has also allowed for the accommodation of diverse cultural and religious practices within the country. Additionally, federalism has provided a platform for dialogue and negotiation between the different ethnic groups, helping to address grievances and promote inclusivity. However, the success of this system has been limited. Ethnic tensions still persist in Nigeria, and there have been instances of violent conflicts between different groups. The unequal distribution of resources and power among the regions has also led to feelings of marginalization and inequality, fueling ethnic tensions. Additionally, corruption and mismanagement at the federal and state levels have hindered the effective implementation of federalism, further exacerbating ethnic tensions. In conclusion, while federalism has provided some mechanisms for addressing ethnic tensions in Nigeria, its success has been limited due to various challenges. More efforts are needed to ensure equitable distribution of resources and power, as well as to address corruption and mismanagement, in order to effectively decrease ethnic tensions in the country.

Which of the following best describes Nigerian attitudes about democracy?


A) Most Nigerians believe in democracy and are reasonably satisfied with how well it has worked in Nigeria.
B) A majority of Nigerians would prefer a Muslim theocracy to a democracy.
C) Most Nigerians want democracy but are dissatisfied with how it currently operates in Nigeria.
D) A majority of Nigerians are so frustrated with democracy that they would rather try an authoritarian form of government.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following could prove most challenging for Nigerian democracy in the future?


A) the lack of natural resources
B) the lack of a middle class
C) Nigeria's large Christian population
D) communist influence

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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What type of legislative system does Nigeria have? Compare and contrast the Nigerian legislative system with that of the United States. Are these differences good or bad for Nigeria? Explain your rationale.

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Nigeria has a bicameral legislative syst...

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Which of the following is most underrepresented in the Nigerian House of Representatives?


A) the wealthy
B) small states
C) small ethnic groups
D) large ethnic groups

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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The British used direct rule in Nigeria, necessitating a large presence of British persons for staffing.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following best describes the People's Democratic Party?


A) a Muslim party that is strongest in the north
B) a Muslim party that is strongest in the south
C) a Christian party that is strongest in the north
D) a Christian party that is strongest in the south

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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How have Nigeria's ethnic and religious differences contributed to the fragility of its democracy? Are these differences likely to turn Nigeria into a failed state? Explain and provide comparisons with at least one other country that we have studied this semester.

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Nigeria's ethnic and religious differenc...

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Nigerian ethnic differences and tensions were exacerbated by the British policy of __________.


A) post-colonial monopolization
B) direct rule
C) financial sequestration
D) divide and rule

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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How are seats in the Nigerian House of Representatives distributed?


A) based on each state's population
B) evenly across states
C) based on the relative size of ethnic groups in each state
D) in accordance to the share of GDP produced in each state

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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B

Nigeria was constructed by the French, who combined different ethnic groups that had previously lived separately.

A) True
B) False

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Many of the cleavages in Nigerian society are cross-cutting, increasing the chances that Nigeria will experience political destabilization.

A) True
B) False

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Who won the 2011 Nigerian presidential election?


A) Goodluck Jonathan
B) Umaru Yar'Adua
C) Olusegun Obasanjo
D) Abdulsalami Abubakar

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Nigeria has a __________ system.


A) parliamentary
B) semipresidential
C) presidential
D) plural executive

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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C

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