Question 1

The phonological rule "A word cannot begin with two stop consonants" is:

Accepted Answer

A)   an adequate description of a phonological pattern
B)   inadequate, in that it does not take syntax and semantics into account
C)   inadequate, since the pattern can be described more generally
D)   inadequate, since it is possible, though rare, for a sentence to begin with two stop consonantsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

The smallest unit of sound that makes a difference in meaning is a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)   phone
B)   phoneme
C)   morpheme
D)   inflectionE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

In English, the basic word order is:

Accepted Answer

A)   subject-object-verb, or SOV
B)   object-subject-verb, or OSV
C)   subject-verb-object, or SVO
D)   verb-subject-object, or VSOE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

The set of rules needed to generate a sentence is called its:

Accepted Answer

A)   phrase structure
B)   morphology
C)   derivation
D)   constituent structureE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 5

The system of rules that governs how different forms of the same word may be used convey different shades of meaning is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   phonology
B)   morphology
C)   syntax
D)   semanticsE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Which is NOT true of the null-subject parameter?

Accepted Answer

A)   It has two values, subject and no subject
B)   It is set to different values in different languages
C)   It addresses whether a language permits constructions without a subject
D)   It resolves syntactic, but not structural, ambiguityE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Bresnan's lexical-functional grammar:

Accepted Answer

A)   postulates case relations in deep structure
B)   replaces transformational rules with more complete lexical entries
C)   assumes that lexical encoding places a heavy burden on working memory
D)   explains how we can produce and comprehend novel sentencesE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 8

The concept that a language contains a large number of meaningful words and also contains a small number of elements that combine to form words is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   derivation
B)   lexical insertion
C)   phrase structure
D)   duality of patterningE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 9

In contrast with transformational grammar, lexical theories place:

Accepted Answer

A)   greater emphasis on constituent structure
B)   greater emphasis on individual words
C)   greater emphasis on syntax
D)   greater emphasis on morphologyE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

A representation of how words in a sentence are grouped into larger phrases (i.e., constituents)  is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   lexical insertion
B)   phrase structure
C)   transformational grammar
D)   recursionE) B) and C)
F) A) and B) B

Question 11

The smallest meaningful unit in language is called a:

Accepted Answer

A)   phone
B)   phoneme
C)   morpheme
D)   phraseE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Transformational rules differ from phrase-structure rules in that:

Accepted Answer

A)   they "rewrite" constituents into one or more constituents
B)   they apply to entire strings, not just constituents
C)   they do not involve deletion of grammatical information
D)   all of the aboveE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Linguistic productivity is best described as the ability to:

Accepted Answer

A)   produce and comprehend novel sentences
B)   speak more than one language
C)   speak in semantically correct sentences
D)   describe linguistic knowledge in explicit termsE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 14

A theory of language that explains the role of linguistic universals in evolution is said to have:

Accepted Answer

A)   observational adequacy
B)   descriptive adequacy
C)   explanatory adequacy
D)   linguistic productivityE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

A characteristic that distinguishes each phoneme from every other is called a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)   distinctive feature
B)   morpheme
C)   phone
D)   inflectionE) C) and D)
F) B) and D) A

Question 16

A grammar is:

Accepted Answer

A)   an infinite set of sentences
B)   a theory of language
C)   a finite set of sentences
D)   an infinite set of rulesE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 17

The initial sounds in the words big and dig are:

Accepted Answer

A)   different morphemes
B)   different phonemes
C)   different features
D)   different allophonesE) None of the above
F) B) and D) B

Question 18

A theory of language capable of specifying acceptable and unacceptable sequences in a language is said to have:

Accepted Answer

A)   explanatory adequacy
B)   descriptive adequacy
C)   observational adequacy
D)   linguistic productivityE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of deep structure ambiguity?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are eating apples.
B)   Flying planes can be dangerous.
C)   John is easy to please.
D)   The child thinks the man left.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

If two distinct phrase markers can be derived for a single sentence, the sentence is said to be:

Accepted Answer

A)   declarative
B)   recursive
C)   ambiguous
D)   arbitraryE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 2: Linguistic Principle

The phonological rule "A word cannot begin with two stop consonants" is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The smallest unit of sound that makes a difference in meaning is a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In English, the basic word order is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The set of rules needed to generate a sentence is called its:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The system of rules that governs how different forms of the same word may be used convey different shades of meaning is referred to as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is NOT true of the null-subject parameter?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bresnan's lexical-functional grammar:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concept that a language contains a large number of meaningful words and also contains a small number of elements that combine to form words is known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In contrast with transformational grammar, lexical theories place:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A representation of how words in a sentence are grouped into larger phrases (i.e., constituents) is known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The smallest meaningful unit in language is called a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transformational rules differ from phrase-structure rules in that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Linguistic productivity is best described as the ability to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A theory of language that explains the role of linguistic universals in evolution is said to have:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A characteristic that distinguishes each phoneme from every other is called a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedA

A grammar is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The initial sounds in the words big and dig are:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

A theory of language capable of specifying acceptable and unacceptable sequences in a language is said to have:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of deep structure ambiguity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If two distinct phrase markers can be derived for a single sentence, the sentence is said to be:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified