Question 1

If a person has lost a significant amount of blood but still maintains a normal blood pressure it does not necessarily mean that the person is maintaining adequate perfusion.Which of the following best explains why this is so?

Accepted Answer

A)  The heart has increased its rate to increase cardiac output.
B)  Blood vessels are constricting causing greater peripheral resistance.
C)  The heart has increased its contractile force increasing cardiac output.
D)  The sympathetic nervous system has increased its nervous impulses.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 2

Which of the following processes provides a long-term response to changes in blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  chemoreceptor-initiated reflexes
B)  neural controls
C)  renal regulation
D)  baroreceptor-initiated reflexesE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following is most likely to occur in the arteriovenous shuts present in the blood vessels of the finger tips and toes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Exercise will result in vasoconstriction in the arteriovenous shuts.
B)  Warmer temperatures will result in vasoconstriction in the arteriovenous shuts.
C)  Colder temperatures will result in vasodilation in the arteriovenous shuts.
D)  Colder temperatures will result in vasoconstriction in the arteriovenous shuts.E) All of the above
F) A) and B) D

Question 4

The velocity of blood flow is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  slower in the veins than in the capillaries because veins have a large diameter
B)  slowest in the capillaries because the total cross-sectional area is the greatest
C)  in direct proportion to the total cross-sectional area of the blood vessels
D)  slower in the arteries than in capillaries because arteries possess a relatively large diameterE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Cerebral blood flow is regulated by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  skin temperature
B)  ADH
C)  the hypothalamic "thermostat"
D)  intrinsic autoregulatory mechanismsE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis)is an arterial anastomosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

An obstruction in the superior vena cava would decrease the flow of blood from the head and neck to the heart.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In the brain the fluid that filters out of capillaries is highly regulated.You would expect to see ________ feeding the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous capillaries,with no intercellular clefts
B)  sinusoid capillaries,with incomplete basement membrane
C)  fenestrated capillaries,with thin diaphragms made of extracellular glycoproteins
D)  metarterioles leading directly to thoroughfare cannelsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

A family of peptides called ________ are released by the endothelium and are among the most potent vasoconstrictors known.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A family of peptides called ________ are...

Question 10

Histologically,the ________ is squamous epithelium supported by a sparse connective tissue layer.

Accepted Answer

A)  tunica externa
B)  tunica adventitia
C)  tunica intima
D)  tunica mediaE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Reduction in the concentration of albumin in blood plasma would alter capillary exchange by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing hydrostatic pressure and blood volume,blood pressure increases
B)  decreasing colloid osmotic pressure and edema will occur
C)  increasing hydrostatic pressure and edema will occur
D)  decreasing colloid osmotic pressure and blood volume,blood pressure increasesE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following would not promote reabsorption from the venous end of the capillary bed?

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing solute concentration in the nearby interstitial fluid
B)  decreasing hydrostatic pressure of the blood.
C)  reducing solute concentration in the nearby interstitial fluid
D)  increasing solute concentration in the plasma of the circulating bloodE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

The pulse pressure is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  systolic pressure divided by diastolic pressure
B)  systolic pressure plus diastolic pressure
C)  diastolic pressure plus 1/3 (systolic pressure plus diastolic pressure) 
D)  systolic pressure minus diastolic pressureE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Which of the choices below reflects the balance (or imbalance) between the direction and amount of fluid that flows across the capillary walls?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrostatic pressure only
B)  hydrostatic and osmotic pressure
C)  plasma and formed element concentration
D)  blood volume and viscosityE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

A person suddenly gaining significant amounts of adipose tissue can expect all of the following physiological changes except one.Which of the following is least likely to occur with a sudden and significant gain in adipose tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased angiogenesis and higher peripheral resistance
B)  higher peripheral resistance and higher blood pressure
C)  increased risk of developing atherosclerosis
D)  lower heart rate and reduced blood flowE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

The carotid sinus reflex protects the blood supply to the brain,whereas the aortic reflex is more concerned with maintaining adequate blood pressure in the systemic circuit as a whole.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 17

Normal average blood pressure for a newborn baby is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  150/90
B)  120/80
C)  90/55
D)  130/80E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 18

The arteries that are also called distributing arteries are the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  elastic arteries
B)  arterioles
C)  muscular arteries
D)  capillariesE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Due to the branching of arteries the type of arteries that would be most numerous would be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  arterioles
B)  pulmonary arteries
C)  muscular arteries
D)  elastic arteriesE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

What are the sounds of Korotkoff?

Accepted Answer

They are thumping sounds heard as an inflated blood pressure cuff is deflated on the arm.They represent blood spurting through the constricted artery and continue until the vessel is no longer constricted.

Exam 19: The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

If a person has lost a significant amount of blood but still maintains a normal blood pressure it does not necessarily mean that the person is maintaining adequate perfusion.Which of the following best explains why this is so?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following processes provides a long-term response to changes in blood pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is most likely to occur in the arteriovenous shuts present in the blood vessels of the finger tips and toes?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The velocity of blood flow is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cerebral blood flow is regulated by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis)is an arterial anastomosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An obstruction in the superior vena cava would decrease the flow of blood from the head and neck to the heart.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the brain the fluid that filters out of capillaries is highly regulated.You would expect to see ________ feeding the brain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A family of peptides called ________ are released by the endothelium and are among the most potent vasoconstrictors known.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Histologically,the ________ is squamous epithelium supported by a sparse connective tissue layer.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reduction in the concentration of albumin in blood plasma would alter capillary exchange by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would not promote reabsorption from the venous end of the capillary bed?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pulse pressure is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the choices below reflects the balance (or imbalance) between the direction and amount of fluid that flows across the capillary walls?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person suddenly gaining significant amounts of adipose tissue can expect all of the following physiological changes except one.Which of the following is least likely to occur with a sudden and significant gain in adipose tissue?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The carotid sinus reflex protects the blood supply to the brain,whereas the aortic reflex is more concerned with maintaining adequate blood pressure in the systemic circuit as a whole.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Normal average blood pressure for a newborn baby is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The arteries that are also called distributing arteries are the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Due to the branching of arteries the type of arteries that would be most numerous would be ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the sounds of Korotkoff?

Correct AnswerverifiedThey are thumping sounds heard as an inflated blood pressure cuff is deflated on the arm.They represent blood spurting through the constricted artery and continue until the vessel is no longer constricted.

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They are thumping sounds heard as an inflated blood pressure cuff is deflated on the arm.They represent blood spurting through the constricted artery and continue until the vessel is no longer constricted.