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Which of the following is a treatment for heart disease?


A) balloon angioplasty
B) angiogram
C) electrocardiogram
D) angina pectoris

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following statements about gender and CVD is true?


A) In Canada, CVD is the leading killer of men but not of women.
B) The incidence of hypertension is higher in women than in men before age 55.
C) Estrogen may offer premenopausal women some protection against CVD.
D) Women are more likely than men to have classic heart attack symptoms like chest pain.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The risk of death from coronary heart disease increases up to among those exposed to environmental tobacco smoke.


A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 25%
D) 30%

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Recent research concluded that which of the following is TRUE about taking vitamin E supplements?


A) Vitamin E supplements provide no protection against heart disease in men.
B) All adults should take additional vitamin E supplements.
C) Vitamin E supplements prevent heart disease.
D) Vitamin E supplements can reduce blood cholesterol levels.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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The two upper chambers of the heart in which blood collects before passing to the lower chambers are called


A) ventricles.
B) valves.
C) atria.
D) septum.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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All of the following groups are more likely to experience heart attack without chest pain, EXCEPT


A) older adults.
B) ethnic minorities.
C) people with diabetes.
D) men.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Essential hypertension is responsible for what percentage of hypertension cases?


A) 10%
B) 35%
C) 65%
D) 90%

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Approximately what percentage of Canadians have metabolic syndrome?


A) 11%
B) 19%
C) 15%
D) 27%

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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C-reactive protein is released into the bloodstream in response to


A) inflammation.
B) free radicals.
C) phytochemicals.
D) antioxidants.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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All of the following are characteristics of Type D personality, EXCEPT


A) general negativity.
B) pessimism.
C) angry outbursts.
D) unhappiness.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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C-reactive protein is associated with inflammation and increased CVD risk.

A) True
B) False

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Briefly describe the current thinking about the risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy for post-menopausal women.

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Which of the following Type A personality characteristics is least closely associated with heart disease?


A) hostility
B) cynicism
C) anger
D) hurrying

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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The left side of the heart pumps blood in the circulation.


A) coronary
B) systemic
C) cerebral
D) pulmonary

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Hypertension probably contributes to atherosclerosis by


A) affecting sodium balance in the body.
B) causing injury to the artery walls.
C) dilating arteries.
D) influencing cholesterol levels.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements about taking aspirin is false?


A) It has an anticlotting effect.
B) It reduces inflammation.
C) It decreases adhesiveness of platelets.
D) It can affect blood cholesterol levels.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Nutritional experts recommend that saturated fat intake should be of total daily calories.


A) 2%
B) 35% or less
C) 30% or less
D) 7% or less

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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A test that measures the electrical activity of the heart is called a(n)


A) coronary arteriogram.
B) electroencephalogram.
C) echocardiogram.
D) electrocardiogram.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Arnold is 56 years old and considers himself to be in good health. He has a family history of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. He recently had a routine physical exam. He was told that his blood pressure was 130/85, his total cholesterol was 8 mmol/L (LDL was 7 and HDL was 1) , and his glucose levels were normal. Arnold was also informed that his weight of 190 pounds made him about 10 pounds overweight. Arnold's physician will likely suggest that Arnold make all of the following lifestyle changes, EXCEPT


A) increasing trans fat intake.
B) increasing physical activity.
C) increasing viscous (soluble) fiber intake.
D) decreasing saturated fat intake.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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What type of stroke is caused by the rupture of a blood vessel on the brain's surface resulting in bleeding into the space between the brain and the skull?


A) subarachnoid hemorrhage
B) embolic
C) thrombotic
D) ischemic

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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